Strayer Cis500 Assignment 1

1. Comp ar and contrast the industriousness of learning technology (IT) to optimize legal philosophy departments writ of execution to rivet criminal offence versus hit-or-miss patrols of the streets. In recent years, the idea of prophetic policing, or the aim of statistics and info to throw off policing decisions, has become widely popular in the United States. In 1994, the untested York city recital of law Department adopted a law enforcement crime fighting schema known as COMPSTAT (Computer Statistics). COMPSTAT uses Geographic selective teaching Systems (GIS) to map the locations of where crimes occur, name tropical musca volitans, and map fuss atomic number 18as.COMPSTAT has amassed a wealth of historical crime selective information. Mathematicians ingest designed and developed algorithms that put to work against the historical info to predict in store(predicate) crimes for constabulary departments. The purpose of this paper is to apprizely examine prophetical policing and how tools much(prenominal) as COMPSTAT drop out law departments to react much efficiently to immoral activity. Using information technology to fight crime by the law officers is becoming increasingly effectual in apprehending the crime perpetrators.Predictive policing, or weapons platforms such as COMPSTAT, involves use data from different sources, analyzing them and then utilise the publications to anticipate, clog and respond more effectively to next crimes. The prognostic vision moves law enforcement from cerebrateing on what get out happen and how to effectively position resources in front of the crime, thereby changing outcomes, writes Charlie Beck, chief of the Los Angeles natural law Department (Predictive Policing The future(a) of Law Enforcement, NIJ, 2012). From the early 1800s to the 1980s, patrol and criminal investigating dominated policing.Uniformed practice of law patrolled the streets to prevent crime, to inter rupt crimes in progress, and to apprehend criminals. However, investigate since the 1960s has shown the limits of both patrol and investigation for controlling crime. Patrol officers did non effectively prevent crime by speculative suspects, victims, and witnesses. In the 1990s, the patrol adoptedprognosticative policing strategiesin which police force initiate military action instead of waiting for calls. Patrol mud the backbone of police operations. It consumes most of the resources of police agencies.On patrol, a police officer makes regular circuits or passes through a particular(prenominal) area. Studies of foot patrol indicate that these patrols are costly and do not reduce crime. Because crime is not evenly distributed end-to-end a community, which means some places exact more patrol than early(a)s. The tradition of large(p) each neighborhood an represent bill of patrol wastes police resource, so the tradition of giving each neighborhood an equal amount of pat rol just wastes police resources, however, which butt end make citizens less timorous of crime and improve citizen attitudes toward the police(CliffsNotes. om. ). While predictive police operations focus on the c erstwhilentration of crime in indisputable offenders, places, and victims. Predictive operations include using decoys, going undercover, raiding, relying on informants, stopping and skylark suspects, shadowing repeat offenders, policing repeat-complaint locations, and saturating an area with police to maintain baffle which goat be an effective method to prevent crime(CliffsNotes. com. ). 2. get wind how COMPSTAT, as an information formation (IS), implements the four (4) basic IS functions 1.Input, 2. Processing, 3. Output, 4. Feedback. COMPSTAT is the name given to the New York City Police Departments accountability operate and has since been replicated in m all other departments. COMPSTAT is a management philosophy or organisational management tool for police dep artments, or so equivalent toSix Sigmaor TQM, and is not a computer system or software package. (State of CA, 2010). COMPSTAT as an information system implements the four basic IS functions in the followers ways InputData gathering process which is the mental synthesis block of COMPSTAT is comprised of information compiled from variety of sources same(p) police incidents, arrest shrouds, suspect debriefing, surround calls, and field interview reports. Pushing the data into the Incident Reporting System lead help to maintain a database for future reference (Willis et al. , 2003). Processing The collection of data is presented during every COMPSTAT meeting. This would be entered into a database using a data management program like MS Access. This task is performed by the Crime analytic thinking Unit (CAU).These analysts classify, categorize, sum total and analyze the data in order to gain a detailed report including many details like date, location, twenty-four hour period and other information related to the crime. At this stage they would be able to identify a targeted response that may be the source of concern. This report provides useful appellative of crime patterns like the point of gate for a burglary or make and ride of a stolen vehicle (Willis et al. , 2003, Pg 48-50). Further by using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) data and spacial compend geographic hot spots are located and mapped to the data.Output Once the data is processed, it is presented to the department commanders. With available intelligence they should deck up a strategy and deploy resources with expertness to tactfully pre-empt a crime positioning and follow it up to ensure performance and results were as desired. These are key go or principles which guide the departments patrol and investigatory work * unblemished and timely intelligence, * fast deployment * Effective tactics, and * Relentless follow-up and sound judgement (William J. Bratton, 1999 pg-15). Feedb ack The key element of improvement is feedback.As it includes data, any error related to this aspect should be avoided. Consistent and correct data has to be entered into the incident reporting system and database. Accurate report writing should be followed magic spell recording incidents. Extensive data analysis to identify the root cause of crime becomes mandatory. Regular meetings and brainstorming session should be conducted to improve data collection and police squads have-to doe with should be evaluated. Learning from past mistakes should neer be avoided. Continuous aiming at variety and integration with latest technology to aliveness the system up to date whoremaster provide better results.Periodic assessments of performance and gaps in procureing set goals and objectives should be reviewed so that corrective measures can be taken to subscribe the gaps to meet desired results. 3. Determine how information systems have allowed police departments that implement tools such as COMPSTAT to respond to crime faster. With the effectuation of information systems real time rise to power to data has become easier. Identification of hot spots related to crime is come-at-able and problem solving has become proactive instead of reactive. Monitoring of multiple locations and futuristic crime and its patterns can be detected.This allows operations to be carried with fewer resources, and reduced ergodic patrols. Further it provides a platform for administering considerable information which enables better decision fashioning and problem solving. By demanding accountability it facilitates team work and police personnel are now working together to accomplish set goals faster thereby cut back crime. 4. Apply the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis ( swot up analysis) on behalf of police departments that intend to implement predictive policing. SWOT Analysis of Predictive Policing SWOT Analysis of Predictive PolicingStrengths The str ength of predictive policing is that it allows resources to be used more efficiently because they can be deployed to specific locations in which crimes are likely to occur and for specific types of crimes. In this regard, it is also easier to prevent crime from occurring as opposed to merely responding to it (Goode, 2011). Weaknesses Predictive policing is ofttimes treated as being all related to the use of computers and data to the trauma of involving front-line police officers in the decision-making process.This can result in police officers feeling both disrespected and unimportant in performing police work (Willis, Mastrofski Weisburd, 2003). Opportunities Predictive policing provides for the opportunity for police departments to reduce criminal activity at a lower cost to taxpayers. Police departments can prevent crime from occurring or else than using limited resources to respond to crimes once they have occurred and hoping responses will deter other criminals (Pearsall, 2 010).Threats The primary threat related to predictive policing is that some police officers, particularly one-time(a) police officers, are skeptical of the use of statistics and data in place of tralatitious street patrols. This could result in predictive policing efforts not being carried out in a way that will allow them to be as successful as possible. Conclusion The information contained in this brief paper has shown that with the use of information technology and programs such as COMPSTAT, predictive policing can result in a reducing in crime by predicting where it will occur rather than responding to it once it has occurred.However, predictive policing can have problems if the sole focus is on the use of information technology. Instead, police officers and the general public must be included in the process. Their feedback must be solicited as part of the larger process. Otherwise, they have the ability to derail any reductions in crime and improvements in performance that e fficiency be possible from predictive policing. References 1. Goode, E. (2011, distinguished 15). Sending the police before theres a crime. Retrieved from http//www. nytimes. com/2011/08/us/16police. hypertext mark-up language 2. Pearsall, B. (2010, May).Predictive policing The future of law enforcement? National lay down 3. Willis, J. J. , Mastrofski, S. D. , Weisburd, D. (2003). Compstat in practice An in-depth Analysis of collar cities. Police Foundation. Retrieved from http//www. policefoundation. org/pdf/compstatinpractice. pdf 4. CliffsNotes. com. Police Strategies. Retrieved April,12th, 2012, from http//www. cliffsnotes. com/study_guide/topicArticleId-10065,articleId-9953. html 5. Bratton, W. J. Malinowski, S. W. (2008). Police performance management in practice Taking COMPSTAT to the next level. Policing, 2(3), 259-265.